Info A comprehensive list of conditions and drugs that may prolong the QT interval, and cause torsade de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS…

Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Purpose Cardiac rehabilitation is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary secondary prevention intervention for patients with cardiovascular disease, including those recovering…

…in isolation, distinguishing between them in clinical scenarios may remain challenging. Effective management of tachycardia requires a comprehensive understanding of differential diagnoses, therapeutic strategies, and…

…The T wave is notoriously difficult to judge, which is why a rather comprehensive discussion is warranted. The normal T wave will be described first…

…threshold of 5% or higher, determined by ROC curve analysis as the optimal balance for deciding on ICD implantation, yielded a number needed to treat…

…threshold of 5% or higher, determined by ROC curve analysis as the optimal balance for deciding on ICD implantation, yielded a number needed to treat…

…maximum pressure during heart contraction, it does not provide a comprehensive view of the perfusion pressure throughout the cardiac cycle. MAP offers a more accurate…

…clinically relevant discussions and articles in emergency medicine. AnaesthesiaUK is a comprehensive e resource and CME site for anasthesiologists. Site is maintained and updated actively…

…side). This article is part of the comprehensive chapter: How to interpret the ECG The P wave vector is slightly curved in the horizontal plane…

…sophisticated art, even in the current era of artificial intelligence (AI). ECG interpretation requires a comprehensive understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology and electrocardiology. Unfortunately, numerous books…

…relationship between glycaemia and cardiovascular disease is complex. Glycaemic control is important for prevention of microvascular complications, but intensive glucose lowering alone has shown little…

…of cardiac arrest patients—can induce such pupillary responses. In a comprehensive study by Javaudin et al., involving more than 11,000 cardiac arrest cases…

…to Normal Rhythm and Arrhythmias). Also note that this chapter is accompanied by a comprehensive video lecture (Video lecture: The Normal ECG). ECG example 1…

…up the interpretation. Note that this chapter is preceded by a comprehensive discussion in the chapter Characteristics and Definitions of the Normal ECG, and the…

…the slow conducting isthmuses critical for re entry [6] . Non ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) also fall…

…Definition and Pathophysiology Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are foundational therapies in cardiovascular medicine, widely utilized for the management of hypertension, chronic ischemic heart disease…

…Evaluation and Physical Examination A comprehensive evaluation is mandatory for patients presenting with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) if the underlying cardiac disease is unknown or…

…remains a comprehensive clinical diagnosis based on patient symptoms, ECG changes, highly sensitive biochemical markers, and information gleaned from various imaging techniques. For types 1…

…non HDL C and apolipoprotein B. Causes and secondary contributors A search for secondary contributors is an essential first step. Recognised causes include: Diabetes and…

…of the QT interval (QT duration). The QT duration represents the total time for depolarization and repolarization. It is measured from the beginning of the…

…complexes, then ventricular tachycardia is the most likely cause. This article is part of the comprehensive chapter: How to read and recognize the normal ECG

…millimeters) between the J point and the PR segment. Refer to Figure 13 for examples. Figure 14 below shows how to measure ST segment deviation…

…on the basis of morbid anatomy. This is not a new experience for either the pathologist or the internist. That there is something lacking in…

…Figure 2, a modified Wiggers diagram, provides a comprehensive view of the phases and events during the cardiac cycle. As illustrated in Figure 2, diastole…

…Strengths and limitations The SYNTAX Score's strength lies in its ability to comprehensively evaluate angiographic complexity, making it a valuable tool for risk stratification…