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Post-Infarction Pericarditis and Dressler Syndrome

…including cases related to cardiovascular interventions. Dressler syndrome now occurs in fewer than 1% of AMI cases and is seen predominantly after larger infarctions and…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…fulfilled. The temporal relationship to stent implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial thrombi are predominantly platelet rich because they form under high shear conditions…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…are less likely to attain blood pressure treatment goals. Female specific and female predominant risk factors Risk assessment should include reproductive and pregnancy related history…

Non-ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and Unstable Angina

…Atherothrombosis represents the acute, life threatening complication of coronary atherosclerosis. The transition from a quiescent plaque to a highly thrombogenic surface occurs via three primary…

Left Bundle Branch Block: ECG criteria and clinical implications

…with predominantly negative QRS complexes (such as V1 and V2) [7]. Etiology and Mechanisms LBBB may result from lesser degrees of conduction delay within the…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…exert themselves sufficiently to provoke symptoms. Intermittent claudication Intermittent claudication is exertional discomfort in a limb muscle that improves with rest. The symptom may be…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

…calcium channel blocker exposure. The incidence of cardiogenic shock complicating STEMI has fallen with prompt reperfusion and reduction of infarct size. Earlier estimates approached 20…

Exercise stress test (exercise ECG): protocols, evaluation & termination

…the exercise test to be reliable, the patient must perform maximally, without risking serious complications. The instructor may facilitate this by supporting and motivating the…

Acute Aortic Syndromes: Intramural Haematoma and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer

…imaging because of the risk of rupture. Type A IMH may cause: Aortic regurgitation Haemopericardium or pericardial effusion Aortic rupture Proximal aortic complications Malperfusion and…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…to the population and definitions used. Complication Reported risk (%) Mortality 0.11 Myocardial infarction 0.05 Cerebrovascular accident 0.07 Arrhythmias 0.38 Vascular complications…

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