…with a cardiothoracic surgeon. Myocardial rupture after myocardial infarction, and traumatic haemopericardium — these require surgery; pericardiocentesis is at best a bridge to it. A small …

…is because it does not ensure complete drainage of the pericardium, and needles or catheters are at risk of bending or damage during chest compressions…

…after complex coronary intervention. The clinical importance of residual disease is also influenced by anatomic complexity and comorbidity, which themselves may contribute to progression of…

Echocardiography The standard transthoracic echocardiographic examination This chapter presents a sequential series of images that comprise a complete standard echocardiographic examination. The image views are…

…Dr. Araz Rawshani, a leading cardiovascular researcher at the University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden, is the force behind the comprehensive online course…

…complete heart block). P waves are not related to QRS. PP interval is constant, but independent of RR interval, which is also constant. Atria and…

…with a frequency of roughly 40 beats per minute. If the escape rhythm has wide QRS complexes and a frequency of 20–40 it is…

…in cardiovascular harm. Complete cessation is therefore the preferred therapeutic endpoint. The cardiovascular benefits of cessation extend across primary and secondary prevention. Observational evidence indicates…

…prompting consideration of revascularization. The likelihood that symptoms are attributable to the CTO is increased when non invasive testing demonstrates significant inducible ischaemia and preserved…

…S), and small waves are referred to by their lower case letters (q, r, s). Figure 5 shows examples of naming of the QRS complex…