Articles & courses

Articles
Oxygen therapy

…Contact your national or regional poison control centre regarding hyperbaric treatment. Cluster headache. High flow oxygen on a reservoir mask is the first line treatment…

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment with SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP

…aged 40–69 years SCORE2 is recommended for adults aged 40–69 years with elevated BP who do not already have increased cardiovascular risk beca

Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Clinical Significance

…hypertrophy and kidney injury. The syndrome is therefore both a clinical risk factor cluster and a marker of broader metabolic dysfunction. Associated abnormalities may include…

Vasospastic (Prinzmetal) Angina: Provocation Testing and Treatment

…CAD), in non obstructive coronary arteries, or in patients with intermediate lesions that do not produce physiologically significant flow limitation. The mechanisms are incompletely defined…

Sinoatrial arrest & sinoatrial pause (sinus pause / arrest)

…sinoatrial pause (sinus pause/arrest): ECG characteristics & clinical implications A sinoatrial arrest occurs when the sinoatrial node does not discharge an impulse for ≥2 seconds…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and Electrocardiographic Criteria

Myocardial ischemia and infarction ECG Definition and Pathophysiology Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) encompass a spectrum of clinical conditions characterized by a recent change in symptoms…

Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias: from automaticity to re-entry (reentry)

…the underlying mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias. While a detailed understanding of these mechanisms is not essential for all clinicians, it is reasonable to acquire an…

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