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Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis from Fatty Streak to Plaque Rupture

Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Atherosclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the arterial wall in which lipid accumulation, vascular cell dysfunction…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…cerebrovascular diseases, such as: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Stroke Contraindications Cross reactivity: Do not administer to patients with a history of asthma, rhinitis, or urticaria…

Physical Activity Prescription for Cardiovascular Prevention

…walking, household tasks, active commuting and recreational activities. Exercise is a more structured form of physical activity undertaken to maintain or improve physical fitness. Regular…

Spirometry

…time, coach actively, and do not accept a trace you would not be prepared to show a colleague. Indications Investigation of chronic cough, dyspnoea, wheeze…

Levosimendan (Simdax, Simendan) in acute heart failure

…without increasing myocardial oxygen consumption. The inotropic effect of levosimendan is not affected by the concurrent use of beta blockers. The vasodilating effect reduces preload…

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…pain, in chronic non cancer pain, or in headache. A failure to improve function is a reason to taper off, not to increase the dose…

Pulmonary embolism: quick reference for risk stratification and treatment

…Low molecular weight heparin, not a DOAC Active cancer A DOAC or low molecular weight heparin. Consider the bleeding risk with gastrointestinal and urogenital tumours…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…be taken at the next regular time. Use with caution in patients with asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Dyspnea has been reported in patients…

Amiodarone: Loading, Maintenance Dosing and Monitoring Schedule

…The agent undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, yielding desethylamiodarone as a major active metabolite. Both the parent drug and its metabolite accumulate extensively in various tissues…

Interpreting NT-proBNP and BNP in Clinical Decision-Making

…BNP and NT proBNP concentrations than chronic, stable disease, and greater volume overload is usually associated with higher levels. However, this relationship is not universal…

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