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🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…Prophylaxis against recurrence of cerebrovascular disease: 75–80 mg tablet once daily. Warnings and precautions Use Aspirin with caution in the following cases: Concurrent anticoagulant…

Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders as Future Cardiovascular Risk

…increased risk of cerebrovascular complications. Seizures in a patient with preeclampsia indicate eclampsia. Postpartum disease is clinically important. Hypertension is most frequent in women who…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…hyperplasia. A family history is therefore important, particularly in patients with early onset hypertension or premature cerebrovascular disease. PA is associated with cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial…

Secondary Hypertension: When and How to Investigate

…cerebrovascular, or renal disease The possibility of a secondary cause The medical and medication histories should specifically assess drugs or substances that may increase blood…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…pathophysiology Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a clinical disorder caused by stenosis or occlusion of the aorta or arteries supplying the limbs. In adults over…

QT duration & corrected QT (QTc) duration: ECG features & implications

…assessed. QT prolongation may be congenital (due to genetic mutations) or acquired (secondary to medications, electrolyte disorders). QT duration is inversely related to heart rate…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…Risk assessment in known coronary or cerebrovascular disease. Follow up after vascular surgery or endovascular intervention. Assessment of healing potential in ulcers and before deciding…

Aspirin in Primary Prevention: Current Recommendations

…established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, or peripheral artery disease. Secondary prevention concerns patients with established vascular disease, in whom aspirin…

Carotid Artery Disease: Screening, Medical Therapy and Revascularisation

…hypercholesterolaemia, and sedentary behaviour; family history, particularly in the broader assessment of peripheral arterial and aortic disease; planned surgery, especially carotid endarterectomy (CEA), coronary artery…

Chronic Kidney Disease as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor

…higher than in individuals without comparable renal impairment. The cardiovascular burden of CKD extends beyond CAD to peripheral arterial disease, cerebrovascular disease, valvular heart disease…

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