…rapidity of onset, is of paramount importance. The primary concern in correcting hyponatremia is the prevention of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), previously known as central…

…most important dangerous differential diagnosis. Clear focal neurological findings are absent in roughly half of patients with a central cause. A normal routine neurological examination…

…dialysis catheter, not an ordinary triple lumen catheter). Measurement of central venous pressure and central venous oxygen saturation. Repeated blood sampling during intensive care. Exhausted…

…pathophysiology Congestion is a central expression of the heart failure syndrome and reflects excessive retention of sodium and water, with expansion of both the intravascular…

Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and pathophysiology Lipid lowering therapy is a central component of cardiovascular prevention, particularly in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD…

…Exercise stress test Evaluation of the exercise stress test (exercise ECG) The ECG reaction has always been a central component of the exercise stress test…

…20% of atrial size 4 10 cm² or 20 40% of atrial size 10 cm² or 40% of atrial size Jet orientation central variable excentric…

…status, clinical severity, evidence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, and myocardial injury. This classification is central to determining the intensity of monitoring, supportive treatment, anticoagulation…

…and progression of atherosclerotic disease in patients with established coronary or other atherosclerotic vascular disease. Antiplatelet therapy is a central component because platelet activation and…

…with functional assessment. A central practical principle is that the visual severity of a stenosis does not reliably establish its haemodynamic importance. A lesion that…