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Ezetimibe: Place in Therapy and Expected LDL-C Reduction

…remains the foundation of lipid lowering treatment for patients with chronic coronary syndrome, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease, and other very high…

Urinary alkalinisation

…Heart failure, pulmonary oedema and other conditions with a high risk of fluid overload — a relative contraindication requiring invasive monitoring and slower administration. Significant metabolic…

The chain of survival in sudden cardiac arrest

…same actions (1 through 3) can be carried out by anyone, including laymen without prior training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Prompt delivery of chest compressions…

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…result, pupils often dilate widely within 30–120 seconds of cardiac arrest and light reactivity is lost when cerebral blood flow ceases. In other words…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…days of symptom onset in the source material. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Aortic dissection is an uncommon cause of acute chest pain but carries a…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…autosomal dominant family, whereas heterozygous carriers of an X linked condition may develop a phenotype later and require delayed or individualized assessment. Disease specific genetic…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…Use of cannabis, electronic cigarettes or other inhaled products. Readiness to attempt cessation. Depression, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, HIV infection or other circumstances that may affect…

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

…non HDL C primarily reflect cholesterol content. The amount of cholesterol carried by individual particles varies according to particle size and composition. As a result…

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Revascularisation Strategy

…circumflex coronary territories. Because these vessels perfuse a large proportion of the left ventricular myocardium, left main disease carries a substantial prognostic significance. The myocardial…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

…discomfort) or other symptoms suggestive of the five conditions listed above. It is important that history taking and physical examination is carried out systematically and…

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