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Blood transfusion and massive haemorrhage

…second problem is added: transfusion saves no one whose bleeding is not stopped, and it is the time to haemorrhage control that determines the outcome…

🟠 Clonidine

…2 agonist. Stimulation of alpha 2 adrenoceptors in the ventromedial and rostral ventrolateral areas of the medulla result in the blood pressure lowering effect. Effects…

Antiplatelet Therapy in Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction

…maintenance treatment. The source material does not specify the loading dose. Efficacy and harms In secondary prevention trials involving patients with previous vascular disease, aspirin…

Physics of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET): Radiotracers, perfusion, blood flow and viability

…photons emitted in opposite directions. PET scanners detect these gamma rays to construct images with high spatial and temporal resolution. PET offers higher spatiotemporal quality…

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding: quick reference

…soon as it is safe to do so after the endoscopy. Fluid and monitoring Use a balanced crystalloid in the first instance. Give small boluses…

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging With SPECT and PET

…and cardiac amyloidosis using appropriate radiopharmaceuticals. Functional perfusion imaging primarily identifies haemodynamically important disease. Non obstructive coronary atherosclerosis not associated with demonstrable ischaemia may therefore…

Myocardial Ischemia & infarction: Cellular changes, ECG and symptoms

…exercise. Thus, supply and demand are balanced and no ischemia occurs. (Some individuals display a benign form of ischemia located in the subendocardium during exercise…

Blood gas interpretation: quick reference for acid-base disorders

…does not by itself identify the cause. The result must always be weighed together with the clinical picture, medication, fluid balance, renal function, electrolytes and…

Cardiovascular Prevention in the Very Elderly

…failure have preexisting hypertension. The relationship between blood pressure and outcome in older adults is not linear at very low pressures. Excessive reduction in diastolic…

Coronary Anatomy and Segmental Classification for the Clinician

…coronary anatomy, myocardial ischaemia, ventricular function and the anticipated benefit–risk balance of revascularization. Coronary angiography remains primarily an anatomical examination, whereas contemporary decision making…

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