…the massive transfusion protocol. Plasma and platelets: in ongoing bleeding with coagulopathy, or as part of balanced transfusion in massive haemorrhage. Transfusion thresholds in the…

…2 agonist. Stimulation of alpha 2 adrenoceptors in the ventromedial and rostral ventrolateral areas of the medulla result in the blood pressure lowering effect. Effects…

…This balance changes according to the clinical setting, time from MI or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), ischaemic risk, bleeding risk, need for anticoagulation, and whether…

…photons emitted in opposite directions. PET scanners detect these gamma rays to construct images with high spatial and temporal resolution. PET offers higher spatiotemporal quality…

…soon as it is safe to do so after the endoscopy. Fluid and monitoring Use a balanced crystalloid in the first instance. Give small boluses…

…attenuation and other technical factors. Relative perfusion assessment has an important limitation: it requires a normally perfused reference territory. In diffuse coronary disease, balanced multivessel…

…exercise. Thus, supply and demand are balanced and no ischemia occurs. (Some individuals display a benign form of ischemia located in the subendocardium during exercise…

…fluid balance, renal function, electrolytes and supplemental oxygen [1]. Distinguish between: Acidaemia and alkalaemia , which describe the current pH of the blood. Acidosis and alkalosis…

…produces structural and functional cardiovascular changes that increase susceptibility to disease. Cellular atrophy, myocardial fibrosis, calcification, vascular remodeling, altered diastolic filling, chronotropic incompetence, and impaired…

…coronary anatomy, myocardial ischaemia, ventricular function and the anticipated benefit–risk balance of revascularization. Coronary angiography remains primarily an anatomical examination, whereas contemporary decision making…