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Warfarin therapy

…bleeding risk and the risk of falls; anaemia and a known gastrointestinal source are investigated before starting. A referral or notification to the anticoagulation clinic…

Anticoagulation Strategies in Atrial Fibrillation

…For the practicing cardiologist, mastering the nuances of anticoagulation requires an intimate understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, which is classically framed by Virchow’s triad…

🟠 ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Bleeding Risk Score

…The ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Bleeding Risk Score is a clinical tool designed to estimate the risk of major bleeding in…

Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation: Choosing Anticoagulation

…develop during acute management. AF is often haemodynamically tolerated and may require no specific acute therapy beyond appropriate anticoagulation and management of ventricular rate. However…

🟠 Calculate CHADS-VASc Score and evaluate indication for anticoagulation

…9 As above. Very high Oral anticoagulation (warfarin or NOAC) is recommended for all female patients with a score of 3 or more. Very high…

Electrical cardioversion

…in sync mode no shock at all is then delivered while the patient deteriorates. Indications Emergency, irrespective of duration and anticoagulation status: Tachyarrhythmia with haemodynamic…

🟠 CHADS-VA Bleeding Risk Score

…chadsva] The CHA₂DS₂ VA score has superseded the CHA₂DS₂ VASc score. As of 2025, it is recommended to use the CHA₂DS₂ VA score for stroke…

🟠 HEMORR₂HAGES Bleeding Risk Score

…point) S troke (1 point) HEMORR₂HAGES Score Risk category Incidence of major bleeding (per 100 patient years) 0 Low 1.9 1 Low 2.5…

Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Stratification and Reperfusion

…prognostic evaluation using two complementary domains: Indicators of acute PE severity , including clinical findings, RV dysfunction on imaging, and myocardial injury shown by laboratory testing…

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