…congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) Metabolic disorders Hypokalemia Hypomagnesemia Hypocalcemia Starvation Anorexia nervosa Liquid protein diets Hypothyroidism Bradyarrhythmia Sinus bradycardia Sinus node dysfunction AV blocks…

…During mechanical ventilation, in coagulopathy, or with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding Refeeding syndrome There is a risk in starvation, alcoholism, anorexia nervosa, or more…

CPR Neurons are exceptionally vulnerable to hypoxia and anoxia ( Casas et al ). In cardiac arrest without chest compressions (i.e. if cerebral perfusion ceases), irreversible…

CPR In cardiac arrest, constricted, light responsive pupils suggest a favorable prognosis. In contrast, dilated, light unresponsive pupils are indicative of cerebral anoxia or brain…