…reference limit. It is classified as acute when serial measurements demonstrate a rise and/or fall. A stable elevation indicates chronic myocardial injury . Myocardial injury…

…Pneumonia High altitude sickness Aspiration Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Bronchospasm (asthma) Other : Coma Central hypoventilation syndromes Neuromuscular diseases Anemia The natural course of asphyxia…

…regular time. Use with caution in patients with asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Dyspnea has been reported in patients treated with ticagrelor. Patients with…

…and an LVEF below 40%. Signs may be absent in early disease or after effective treatment. HFrEF is commonly associated with structural and functional ventricular…

…with chronic myocardial injury. Non ischaemic conditions, including myocarditis, rapid ventricular rate atrial fibrillation, marked anaemia, hypertensive emergency, heart failure, and end stage renal disease…

Myocardial ischemia and infarction Pharmacology & dosing Definition and therapeutic objectives Antianginal therapy in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is directed primarily at reducing myocardial ischaemia and…

…or worsen ischaemia, including anaemia, uncontrolled hypertension, thyrotoxicosis, tachyarrhythmias, uncontrolled heart failure, and concomitant valvular heart disease. In patients with ANOCA/INOCA, symptoms may persist…

…difficult. In patients with normal renal function, the occurrence of contrast induced AKI is negligible or very low. Risk rises substantially with chronic kidney disease…

…or takotsubo syndrome, while chronic myocardial injury may be seen in heart failure, cardiomyopathies, and severe valvular heart disease. Type 2 MI and non ischaemic…

…In chronic anaemia with a treatable cause — iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, folate deficiency — transfusion is rarely the right measure. Contraindications Anaemia that can be corrected…