…intubation, and prolonged ICU admissions. Pending the correct level of care, the following actions can be performed. CPR Initiate CPR in adherence to standard guidelines…

Cardiology Emergency medicine Definition and Pathophysiology A hypertensive emergency is severe blood pressure elevation accompanied by acute hypertension mediated target organ damage (HMOD). The European…

…of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who achieve ROSC in the emergency room (ER) are transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), coronary care unit (CCU)…

…repeated laboratory measurements, not by the values on admission alone. Diagnosis Current diagnostic criteria According to the international consensus report of 2024, the diagnosis of…

…quadrant lateral to the rectus sheath, and a cell count plus albumin on the sample. Indications Diagnostic paracentesis: Newly detected ascites — always. Every admission of…

…dose : 10 mg once daily. For UA/NSTEMI patients undergoing coronary angiography within 48 hours of hospital admission, the loading dose should be administered at…

…with suspected acute heart failure, urgent hospital admission and referral to an expert centre with advanced heart failure care capabilities, including mechanical circulatory support and…

Critical care Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Cardiogenic shock is a state of inadequate tissue and end organ perfusion caused by cardiac insufficiency…

…Various pharmaceutical agents, including epinephrine—administered to the vast majority of cardiac arrest patients—can induce such pupillary responses. In a comprehensive study by Javaudin…

…with ECG may reveal atrial fibrillation. Unfortunately, atrial fibrillation is too often discovered first at hospital admission due to its complications (stroke, thromboembolism, heart failure…

…29.7% (95% CI 27.6–31.7%) Likelihood of survival to hospital admission was 22.0% (95% CI 20.7–23.4%) Likelihood of…

…intensive care Intermediate–high Stable Yes Raised Admission with monitoring. Be prepared for rescue thrombolysis Intermediate–low Stable One of the two positive Admission Low…

…pre existing lipid lowering therapy during the index ACS admission. In treatment naïve patients unlikely to achieve the LDL C goal with statin therapy alone…

…A documented decision on the ceiling of care. Signs of a serious condition Finding Significance : : Inability to speak in full sentences Marked work of breathing…