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Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Assessment and Treatment

…mass. Waist circumference and the waist to hip ratio provide additional information about visceral adiposity and may correlate more closely with outcomes than BMI, particularly…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…combined dyslipidaemia, non HDL C is particularly relevant because it captures triglyceride rich lipoproteins in addition to LDL and other apoB containing particles. Cardiovascular risk…

Peripheral venous cannula and intraosseous access

…question): A fracture of the bone to be punctured, or a major injury proximal to the puncture site. A joint prosthesis or orthopaedic metalwork in…

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Indications, Efficacy and Access

…LDL receptor. They lower LDL C by approximately 50–60%, including in patients receiving background statin therapy and in those unable to tolerate statins, provided…

Physical Activity Prescription for Cardiovascular Prevention

…while additional activity continues to confer benefit with progressively smaller incremental effects. Some activity is preferable to none, and benefit is observed below the conventional…

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Revascularisation Strategy

…a lesion proximal to the first septal perforator of the left anterior descending artery was associated with lower five year survival than a more distal…

Colchicine and Anti-inflammatory Therapy in Coronary Disease

…lower C reactive protein, and impair neutrophil chemotaxis toward inflammatory sites. Its cardiovascular effects therefore appear to reflect modulation of vascular inflammation rather than lipid…

Bempedoic Acid: Evidence and Clinical Use

…atherosclerotic vascular disease or familial hypercholesterolaemia, addition of bempedoic acid to statin therapy reduced LDL C by approximately 16.5%; the reduction in a subgroup…

Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) - Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS)

…needed to treat (NNT) for the ACLS specific interventions is much higher or uncertain, meaning that the efficacy of these interventions is much lower or…

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Outcomes

…products and sweets. An umbrella review incorporating observational studies and randomized trials reported associations between greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet and lower risks of

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