…of these have atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary artery disease) as the underlying cause. Other common causes are cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic or dilated), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy…

…activity may lead to progressive functional decline, sedentary behaviour and loss of independence. Identification of PAD also provides an opportunity to recognise atherosclerosis in other…

…years and above have atrial fibrillation, whereas the arrhythmia is unusual among persons younger than 50 years of age. The overall prevalence in a Western…

…alcohol, a missed meal, physical activity and any other precipitating factor. Thresholds The thresholds below are used above all in diabetes. The severity of the…

…cases, the likelihood of ROSC is higher as compared to other etiologies and presentations. Asystole and pulseless electrical activity (PEA) often have other etiologists, but…

…plaque. Upon such damage, the plaque exposes highly thrombogenic materials which activate circulating platelets and coagulation factors, which results in thrombus formation (Figure 1). Disruption…

…risk of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage or death [3]. Acute overview 1. Activate the stroke call. 2. Establish the time of symptom onset or the time…

…VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT). The bradyarrhythmias include all bradyarrhythmias, pulse less electrical activity (PEA), and asystole. Bradyarrhythmias are discussed in the chapter Management…

…when recording during chest pain is not consistent with myocardial ischemia. In other words, chest pain caused by ischemia will always result in ischemic ST…

…radiotracers emit positrons. When a positron collides with an electron, they annihilate each other, producing two gamma photons emitted in opposite directions. PET scanners detect…