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Physical Activity Prescription for Cardiovascular Prevention

…household tasks, active commuting and recreational activities. Exercise is a more structured form of physical activity undertaken to maintain or improve physical fitness. Regular physical…

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Holter ECG

…talk. Otherwise ordinary activities, including work. No showering or bathing. A diary of going to bed, getting up, medication intake, symptoms and any unusual activities…

Blood Pressure Targets in Older and Frail Adults

…or worsen with illness, treatment, or other interventions. Frailty commonly overlaps with multimorbidity and is frequent in patients with cardiovascular disease, including heart failure and…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…walking distance, daily activities, work and independence. Exercise testing can quantify both the time to initial claudication and the maximum tolerated exercise time. Chronic limb…

Refractory Angina: Options When Standard Therapy Fails

…In many patients, the burden is sufficiently severe to limit ordinary activities and substantially impair quality of life. The clinical impact should be assessed in…

🟠 Nitroprusside

…arterioles and veins via generation of cyclic GMP, which then activates calcium sensitive potassium channels in the cell membrane. Time to onset of action : 1…

Adenosine: Administration Technique, Dose Escalation and Precautions

…cells. Through the guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins Gi and Go, adenosine activates potassium channels (IK.Ach, K.Ado) in a manner analogous to acetylcholine. The…

🟠 Inotropes and Vasopressors

…Bradycardia (second line alternative) Medium dose : 3.0 10.0 μg/kg/min. + ++++ + +++++ Medium dose dopamine activates β1, releases norepinephrine and thus increases contractility…

🟠 Nitroglycerin

…and veins) via generation of cyclic GMP, which then activates calcium sensitive potassium channels in the cell membrane. Nitroglycerin is similar in action and pharmacokinetics…

Bempedoic Acid: Evidence and Clinical Use

…and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP). Bempedoic acid also activates adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase, which regulates substrates involved in lipid metabolism and inflammatory…

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