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Acute severe asthma in adults: quick reference

…6. Give a systemic steroid early. 7. Insert intravenous access, but do not let blood sampling or cannulation delay inhaled treatment. 8. Reassess speech, work…

Adenosine for tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT, AVRT, NCT)

…Generally, adenosine is considered safe for patients with narrow complex tachycardia (NCT). Adenosine typically causes a short lasting second or third degree AV block which…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…5. Give a systemic corticosteroid if the exacerbation is more than mild. 6. Assess the indication for antibiotics on the basis of sputum purulence, the…

Atrial Fibrillation in the Critically Ill Patient

…critically ill patient, AF may be pre existing, newly detected for the first time, or newly developed during management of an acute illness. The clinical…

Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT): ECG features & management

…and anxiety. As the tachyarrhythmia originates above the ventricles, ventricular depolarization proceeds normally via the His Purkinje system, and in most cases, there is no…

Skin biopsy — punch, shave and excision

…melanoma. An unclear inflammatory dermatosis in which the histology governs treatment. Suspected bullous dermatosis (which also requires a biopsy for direct immunofluorescence). Suspected cutaneous vasculitis…

Adenosine: Administration Technique, Dose Escalation and Precautions

…coronary vasodilation, whereas binding to the A1, A2B, and A3 receptors is responsible for the side effects of heart block, wheezing, and peripheral vasodilation, respectively…

The PR Interval & PR segment

…s) indicates pre excitation (presence of an accessory pathway). This is associated with a delta wave. For further details on the PR interval and the…

Pre-excitation, Atrioventricular Reentrant (Reentry) Tachycardia (AVRT), Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome

…will start where the accessory pathway inserts into the ventricle, and the impulse will spread slowly because it will propagate outside of the conduction system…

ECG changes caused by antiarrhythmic drugs, beta blockers & calcium channel blockers

…structural heart disease). AVNRT, AVRT (WPW syndrome) and other conditions involving an accessory pathway. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with severe symptoms, provided that first…

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