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Edrophonium test

…objectively verifiable fatigable symptoms. Assessment of whether residual weakness in a patient with known myasthenia responds to further cholinesterase inhibition. The test has a sensitivity…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…circulatory compromise severe gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly after exposure to a drug, insect venom or another non food allergen 2. Acute airway, respiratory or circulatory compromise…

Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…limb salvage. Evaluation and physical examination ALI requires immediate clinical assessment by a vascular specialist or urgent transfer to a facility with vascular expertise. The…

A New Approach to Acute Coronary Syndromes: Occlusion MI (OMI) vs. Non-Occlusion MI (NOMI)

…2023). A new framework differentiating Occlusion Myocardial Infarction (OMI) from Non Occlusion Myocardial Infarction (NOMI) was proposed by Smith and colleagues in 2018. This approach…

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Definitions and Initial Triage

…Persistent shortness of breath. Weakness, dizziness, light headedness, or loss of consciousness. No symptoms at the time of assessment. Ongoing chest discomfort with electrical or…

Cardiac arrest in hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia

CPR Hyperthermia and malignant hyperthermia Hyperthermia is characterized by a body temperature exceeding the typical range of 36.5 37.6°C (97.7 99.7°F…

Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Cardiac troponins, ECG & Symptoms

…ischemic chest pain, or with dyspnea, nausea, unexplained weakness, or a combination of these symptoms. The diagnosis requires elevated levels of cardiac troponins. In addition…

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…to the local protocol. Usually a bolus followed by repeated doses or an infusion Suspected adrenal crisis Give the corticosteroid immediately. Do not wait for…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…relief by sitting forward. Other symptoms depend on the extent of reduction in cardiac output and arterial pressure and may include: Chest discomfort Fatigue Weakness…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…increased, relatively autonomous from angiotensin II and plasma potassium, and resistant to suppression by sodium loading. It is the most common form of secondary hypertension…

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