…highly thrombogenic surface occurs via three primary mechanisms: Plaque Rupture: Accounting for 60 70% of ACS presentations, plaque rupture typically occurs in thin cap fibroatheromas…

…Circulating monocytes bind to the upregulated adhesion molecules, transmigrate into the intima via diapedesis, and differentiate into tissue macrophages under the influence of macrophage colony…

…NO) that induces vasodilatation of both arterioles and veins via generation of cyclic GMP, which then activates calcium sensitive potassium channels in the cell membrane…

…leads to increased resistance in the main pulmonary artery, and thereby increased afterload on the right ventricle. This increases the load on the right ventricle…

…and veins) via generation of cyclic GMP, which then activates calcium sensitive potassium channels in the cell membrane. Nitroglycerin is similar in action and pharmacokinetics…

…nodal refractoriness. Its electrophysiologic effects on the His Purkinje system and ventricular muscle are minimal, except in cases of toxic concentrations. In most patients, the…

Cardiology Critical care Pharmacology & dosing Definition and Pathophysiology In the management of acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock, intravenous vasoactive agents are categorised according to…

…seconds. Case reports have indicated that the risk of high degree AV block and ventricular arrhythmias is greater in patients on digoxin or verapamil, although…

Echocardiography Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular diastolic function Methods for evaluating left ventricular diastolic function have evolved considerably in the past two decades. Currently recommended…

…regular (as is the atrial) with a rate ranging between 150 and 250 beats per minute. The P wave is not visible in most cases…