…resistance and oxygen transport Formulas Mean arterial pressure (MAP) = diastolic + (systolic − diastolic)/3 Cardiac output = stroke volume × heart rate SVR = 80 × (MAP…

…determines the outcome. Transfusion restores circulating volume, oxygen transport and haemostatic capacity, but it cannot compensate for an uncontrolled source of bleeding. Minimise the time…

…aldosterone responsive genes. Although the kidney is a major target—where MR activation promotes sodium transport—MRs are also present in cardiac myocytes, vascular smooth…

…restoration of coronary blood flow to the infarct zone, thereby limiting infarct size and preserving myocardial function. The benefit of reperfusion is strongly time dependent…

…of ischaemic symptoms. The immediate pathophysiological objective is restoration of blood flow to the infarct related myocardial territory and limitation of infarct size. The extent…

…the more myocardium can be salvaged. Call the PCI service in parallel with drug treatment and transport planning [1,5]. Symptom duration Under 12 hours…

…9. Give thrombolysis as soon as haemorrhage and contraindications have been excluded. CT angiography or transport planning must not delay treatment unnecessarily. 10. In unknown…

…degradation to inosine, phosphorylation to AMP, and reuptake into cells through a nucleoside transport system. Because of these highly efficient elimination pathways, adenosine has an…

…Definition and pharmacological basis Ezetimibe is a non statin lipid lowering agent that inhibits the Niemann–Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) transporter in the intestine…

…SGLT2 is a high capacity, low affinity transporter situated in the S1 and S2 segments of the renal proximal tubule. It accounts for approximately 90…

…a byproduct of aerobic metabolism, is transported from the tissues back to the lungs where it is exhaled. The final partial pressure of carbon dioxide…

…have no known mechanism. Paradoxical embolism : Paradoxical embolism occurs when thromboembolic material is transported from the venous circulation to the arterial circulation, e.g via…