…blood tests and other radiological examinations are most often required, in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium…

…permits delineation of the coronary lumen. Coronary imaging is technically demanding because the vessels are small and are subject to both cardiac and respiratory motion…

…tomographic images of the left ventricle. In PET (Positron Emission Tomography), radiotracers emit positrons. When a positron collides with an electron, they annihilate each other…

…tissue. The distribution of retained tracer provides tomographic information about relative regional perfusion. Imaging is generally performed at rest and during exercise or pharmacological stress…

…and the concentration of filtered substances along the nephron as water is reabsorbed. Nephrotoxic injury may involve the tubules, interstitium, renal vasculature or collecting system…

…Visual reporting of coronary calcification using four categories—none, mild, moderate, or severe—is recommended when such findings are available. Further diagnostic imaging solely because…

…recognition of edge dissection, tissue prolapse, thrombus, or other acute complications; investigation of restenosis and stent thrombosis. Intravascular imaging may also clarify the mechanism of…

…Cardiac planes All imaging modalities define, orient and display the heart using the long axis of the left ventricle and selected planes oriented at 90°…

…rest. Patients experiencing angina at rest are not suitable candidates for perfusion imaging. Detecting ischemic regions requires provocation using pharmacologic agents or physical exercise. Pharmacologic…

…because coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and functional imaging have higher diagnostic performance. Its most consistent contemporary role is therefore the assessment of functional capacity…

…measurements permit assessment of the physiological significance of selected stenoses using fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR). Other invasive techniques can…

…Coronary computerized tomography angiography (CCTA) is currently the first line investigation for patients with low risk of CAD. Risk stratification : Myocardial perfusion imaging is valuable…

…imaging, or fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography can refine interpretation. Coronary plaque and future events Angiographic stenosis severity is an imperfect predictor of…

…Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is currently the most suitable imaging modality for detecting neoatherosclerosis, although its resolution does not consistently permit identification of foamy macrophages…

…tomography (PET) studies have shown that meaningful improvement in global LV ejection fraction (LVEF) after revascularization is most likely when a relatively large amount of…

…optical coherence tomography (OCT) can reveal lesions that are not apparent on conventional angiography. Coronary vasomotor disorders may involve epicardial spasm or abnormalities of the…

…at clarifying the genesis of the mass. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI of the heart) and computed tomography (DT of the heart) are…

…g cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cardiac computerized tomography (CT), ergospirometry (exercise stress testing), and cardiac catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and…

…left circumflex artery in the remainder. The atrioventricular node is supplied by the right coronary artery in 90% (right dominant system) of individuals, whereas in

…some patients present with severe LMCA stenosis exacerbated by other conditions, and these must also be recognized. Prompt identification of LMCA involvement is therefore critical…

…to Evaluation of coronary artery disease and angina pectoris). Yet, exercise stress testing provides a fundamental parameter that cannot be obtained by other imaging methods…

…ageing population, increased incidence and prevalence of cancer, heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and physical inactivity. The increased use of computed tomography (CT), and…