…blood tests and other radiological examinations are most often required, in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium…

…blood and myocardium have intermediate values. Iodinated contrast increases the attenuation of the blood pool and permits delineation of the coronary lumen. Coronary imaging is…

…negative findings. Radiotracers in myocardial perfusion imaging Radiotracers are designed to identify ischemic areas of the myocardium by highlighting regions with reduced blood flow. Radiotracers…

…tissue. The distribution of retained tracer provides tomographic information about relative regional perfusion. Imaging is generally performed at rest and during exercise or pharmacological stress…

…and other nephrotoxic exposures may contribute to tubular injury, making attribution to contrast alone difficult. In patients with normal renal function, the occurrence of contrast…

…Visual reporting of coronary calcification using four categories—none, mild, moderate, or severe—is recommended when such findings are available. Further diagnostic imaging solely because…

…recognition of edge dissection, tissue prolapse, thrombus, or other acute complications; investigation of restenosis and stent thrombosis. Intravascular imaging may also clarify the mechanism of…

…Cardiac planes All imaging modalities define, orient and display the heart using the long axis of the left ventricle and selected planes oriented at 90°…

…rest. Patients experiencing angina at rest are not suitable candidates for perfusion imaging. Detecting ischemic regions requires provocation using pharmacologic agents or physical exercise. Pharmacologic…

…because coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and functional imaging have higher diagnostic performance. Its most consistent contemporary role is therefore the assessment of functional capacity…

…measurements permit assessment of the physiological significance of selected stenoses using fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR). Other invasive techniques can…

…risk of future cardiac events in patients with known CAD or after myocardial infarction. Assessing myocardial viability: Myocardial perfusion imaging can determine whether dysfunctional myocardium…

…imaging, or fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography can refine interpretation. Coronary plaque and future events Angiographic stenosis severity is an imperfect predictor of…

…Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is currently the most suitable imaging modality for detecting neoatherosclerosis, although its resolution does not consistently permit identification of foamy macrophages…

…clinical significance of imaging findings. Historically, revascularization was considered capable of improving LV systolic function and prognosis by restoring perfusion to viable dysfunctional myocardium while…

…optical coherence tomography (OCT) can reveal lesions that are not apparent on conventional angiography. Coronary vasomotor disorders may involve epicardial spasm or abnormalities of the…

…a long time and be detected randomly when investigating other conditions. More dramatic onset of symptoms can be seen in arrhythmogenic tumors of the myocardium…

…g cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cardiac computerized tomography (CT), ergospirometry (exercise stress testing), and cardiac catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and…

…leads. Localization of myocardial infarction / ischemia is done by using ECG changes to determine the affected area and subsequently the occluded coronary artery (culprit). Figure…

…some patients present with severe LMCA stenosis exacerbated by other conditions, and these must also be recognized. Prompt identification of LMCA involvement is therefore critical…

…to Evaluation of coronary artery disease and angina pectoris). Yet, exercise stress testing provides a fundamental parameter that cannot be obtained by other imaging methods…

…ageing population, increased incidence and prevalence of cancer, heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and physical inactivity. The increased use of computed tomography (CT), and…