…in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium The pericardium consists of a parietal layer and a visceral…

…computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) is a non invasive anatomical examination that depicts the coronary arterial lumen, atherosclerotic plaque, and the severity and distribution of coronary…

…The absence of thallium uptake indicates non viable myocardium, while redistribution into initially hypoperfused regions suggests viability. What is myocardial redistribution? In myocardial perfusion imaging…

…tissue. The distribution of retained tracer provides tomographic information about relative regional perfusion. Imaging is generally performed at rest and during exercise or pharmacological stress…

…function occurring after exposure to iodinated contrast media, particularly during cardiovascular angiography, computed tomography, or percutaneous coronary intervention. The preferred terminology is contrast associated AKI…

…Visual reporting of coronary calcification using four categories—none, mild, moderate, or severe—is recommended when such findings are available. Further diagnostic imaging solely because…

… minimum stent area. The limitations of gray scale IVUS include lower spatial resolution than OCT and imperfect discrimination between plaque components. Radiofrequency or virtual histology…

…Cardiac planes All imaging modalities define, orient and display the heart using the long axis of the left ventricle and selected planes oriented at 90°…

…rest. Patients experiencing angina at rest are not suitable candidates for perfusion imaging. Detecting ischemic regions requires provocation using pharmacologic agents or physical exercise. Pharmacologic…

…because coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and functional imaging have higher diagnostic performance. Its most consistent contemporary role is therefore the assessment of functional capacity…

…information. Coronary pressure measurements permit assessment of the physiological significance of selected stenoses using fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR). Other…

…Coronary computerized tomography angiography (CCTA) is currently the first line investigation for patients with low risk of CAD. Risk stratification : Myocardial perfusion imaging is valuable…

…imaging, or fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography can refine interpretation. Coronary plaque and future events Angiographic stenosis severity is an imperfect predictor of…

…Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is currently the most suitable imaging modality for detecting neoatherosclerosis, although its resolution does not consistently permit identification of foamy macrophages…

…tomography (PET) studies have shown that meaningful improvement in global LV ejection fraction (LVEF) after revascularization is most likely when a relatively large amount of…

…optical coherence tomography (OCT) can reveal lesions that are not apparent on conventional angiography. Coronary vasomotor disorders may involve epicardial spasm or abnormalities of the…

…at clarifying the genesis of the mass. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI of the heart) and computed tomography (DT of the heart) are…

…g cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cardiac computerized tomography (CT), ergospirometry (exercise stress testing), and cardiac catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and…

…leads. Localization of myocardial infarction / ischemia is done by using ECG changes to determine the affected area and subsequently the occluded coronary artery (culprit). Figure…

ECG Left main coronary artery occlusion Left main coronary artery (LMCA) occlusion is a rare but catastrophic manifestation of acute coronary syndromes. The LMCA supplies…

…of non invasive cardiovascular imaging Advances in computerized tomography (CT), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), and echocardiography have enabled detailed functional and anatomical imaging of…

…ageing population, increased incidence and prevalence of cancer, heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and physical inactivity. The increased use of computed tomography (CT), and…