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Diuretic Strategy and Decongestion in Heart Failure

…temporal pattern vary considerably. Symptoms of systemic venous congestion include: Peripheral edema Rapid weight gain Increasing abdominal girth Early satiety Bendopnea Abdominal ascites Older patients…

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration After Acute Coronary Syndromes and Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

…months , irrespective of stent type. The preferred regimen is aspirin plus a potent P2Y12 inhibitor, usually prasugrel or ticagrelor. In patients undergoing PCI for ACS…

Atropine: Dosing in Bradycardia and Its Limitations

…hypothermia, and hyperkalemia. For recurrent symptomatic bradycardia, temporary or permanent pacing may be required. However, transcutaneous pacing in the setting of cardiac arrest has not…

Intravascular Imaging: IVUS and OCT for PCI Optimisation

…Imaging is therefore typically performed during contrast injection or another method of temporary blood displacement. OCT is particularly useful for: characterizing the surface of atheroma…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

…shock most commonly reflects severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, accounting for approximately 80% of cases. Other causes include acute mechanical complications—particularly ventricular septal defect…

Management and treatment of AV block (atrioventricular blocks)

…with AV block 2 Mobitz type 2 and AV block 3. The only treatment with a class I recommendation for the management of acute bradycardia…

Sinoatrial block (SA block): ECG criteria, causes and clinical features

…sinoatrial block. Second degree sinoatrial (SA) block type 2 In type 2 second degree sinoatrial block impulses are blocked sporadically (without any Wenckebach phenomenon). The…

Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction After PCI and CABG

…Type 4a MI after PCI In a patient with normal baseline cTn, type 4a MI is defined by: cTn greater than 5 times the 99th…

Post-Infarction Pericarditis and Dressler Syndrome

…in a patient recently treated for AMI. Dyspnoea may occur, particularly when the effusion is substantial or when haemodynamic consequences develop. In patients with pericarditis…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…preferred terminology is contrast associated AKI when temporal association is present; contrast induced AKI should be reserved for the smaller subgroup in which iodinated contrast…

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