…may also rise with: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction Valvular heart disease Pulmonary hypertension Ischaemic heart disease Atrial arrhythmias Pericardial disease, including constriction Right ventricular dysfunction…

…consistent with chronic myocardial injury. Non ischaemic conditions, including myocarditis, rapid ventricular rate atrial fibrillation, marked anaemia, hypertensive emergency, heart failure, and end stage renal…

…on HbA1c. Albumin affects the total calcium — use the ionised calcium or correct for albumin. Biotin supplements interfere with many immunoassays, including troponin and TSH.

…event, where DOACs have proved inferior. Atrial fibrillation with marked renal failure or on dialysis, where DOACs lack documentation or have only weak evidence. Venous…

…changes), renal function, and potassium should be evaluated within 1 to 2 weeks after initiation of ACE inhibitors, especially in patients with preexisting azotemia, hypotension…

…the cause. The result must always be weighed together with the clinical picture, medication, fluid balance, renal function, electrolytes and supplemental oxygen [1]. Distinguish between…

…and skin, with myocardial concentrations reaching 10 to 50 times those found in plasma. Plasma clearance is low, renal excretion is negligible, and doses do…

…reduction in major cardiovascular events with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with either nuts or extra virgin olive oil compared with a low fat dietary pattern…