…speed of 50 mm/s with 1 mV = 10 mm. At 50 mm/s a small square (1 mm) corresponds to 20 ms and…

…to care, clinical assessment and treatment. These influences are particularly important because women have historically been perceived as being at lower cardiovascular risk, including after…

…Prinzmetal's angina (coronary vasospasm), electrolyte disorders , congenital heart disease and catecholamine induced ventricular tachycardia . The vast majority of patients with ventricular tachycardia either have…

…s sex, weight and height. CI = CO / BSA BSA = Body Surface Area (m 2 ) Ejection fraction (EF) Ejection fraction is the fraction of…

…Right ventricular strain When assessing the right half of the heart, it is important to familiarize yourself with the principles of hemodynamics and conditions prevailing…

…Figure 1A 2C. The orientation of myocardial muscle fibers results in longitudinal, radial and circumferential shortening (contraction). Traditional methods for investigating left ventricular function — e…

…choice in pregnancy and an alternative in cancer associated thrombosis. Warfarin in antiphospholipid syndrome and in marked renal failure. Duration of treatment: at least 3…

…deliver blood at a rate appropriate to tissue requirements unless filling pressures are elevated. The syndrome is therefore defined by symptoms and signs of congestion…

…connection and the relationship of the great arteries (segmental analysis). Ventricular function is evaluated using ejection fraction, fractional shortening, stroke volume, and myocardial thickness. Strain…

…right sided chest leads and deeper S waves in left sided leads. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) The most common causes of left ventricular hypertrophy are…