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Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…used for type 1 myocardial infarction are fulfilled. The temporal relationship to stent implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial thrombi are predominantly platelet rich…

In-Stent Restenosis: Mechanisms and Treatment

…through intimal thickening. DES release antiproliferative and anti inflammatory agents from the stent surface and have substantially reduced this process compared with BMS. Neoatherosclerosis Neoatherosclerosis…

Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents: Evolution, Evidence and Stent Choice

…stents (BMS) in response to restenosis caused principally by neointimal hyperplasia. Contemporary DES combine a metallic scaffold, a polymeric or polymer free drug delivery system…

De-escalation and Shortened Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients at High Bleeding Risk

…syndrome (ACS), DAPT is used to reduce recurrent myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and other ischemic events after coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or medical…

Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction After PCI and CABG

…the criteria for type 1 MI. Procedural myocardial injury may also occur without satisfying the diagnostic threshold for periprocedural MI. This distinction is clinically important…

Antiplatelet Therapy in Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction

…aggregation contribute importantly to arterial thrombus formation, recurrent coronary occlusion, and stent thrombosis. Aspirin inhibits the cyclooxygenase 1 pathway, whereas P2Y12 receptor antagonists inhibit a…

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration After Acute Coronary Syndromes and Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

…or stent thrombosis in ACS patients. Extension beyond 12 months DAPT beyond 12 months may be considered in patients who: Have tolerated DAPT without significant…

Intravascular Imaging: IVUS and OCT for PCI Optimisation

…the system, compared with roughly 70–200 µm for gray scale IVUS. This allows detailed visualization of the lumen surface, fibrous cap thickness, thrombus, stent…

No-Reflow Phenomenon During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Prevention and Treatment

…Plaque or thrombus may be dislodged by: Balloon inflation Atherectomy Stent implantation Manipulation of friable SVG lesions Embolic debris obstructs the distal microcirculation and may…

Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…Attributed to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand, without the presence of acute atherothrombosis. Type 3 MI: Describes cardiac death in patients with…

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