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The electrical axis of the heart (ECG axis)

…Switched arm electrodes (negative P and QRS T in lead I). Situs inversus. Left posterior fascicular block is diagnosed when the axis is between 90°…

The electrical axis of the heart (heart axis): ECG & physiology

…Switched arm electrodes (negative P and QRS T in lead I). Situs inversus. Left posterior fascicular block is diagnosed when the axis is between 90°…

🟠 QTc Interval Calculator (Bazett’s, Fridericia’s, Hodge's and Framingham Formulas)

…de pointes . ECG showing an episode of sinus rhythm (with multiple ventricular premature beats) spontaneously converting to Torsade de Pointes ventricular tachycardia. Notice how arterial…

Atrial Fibrillation in the Critically Ill Patient

…remain in sinus rhythm. Several mechanisms may account for apparent ischaemic electrocardiographic changes during rapid AF. ST segment depression or T wave inversion can occur…

Quiz: ECG in athletes

…2nd AV block, prolonged QT interval, and profound sinus bradycardia are typically considered abnormal or profound findings that may require further investigation. 2. What heart…

ECG changes due to electrolyte imbalance (disorder)

…segment elevation in leads V1–V2. All degrees of AV block. Sinus node dysfunction and tach brady syndrome. Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and torsade de…

Left bundle branch block (LBBB): ECG criteria, causes, management

…and its temporal relationship to the ECG waveforms. The cardiac cycle begins in the sinus node (sinoatrial node), where depolarization occurs through automaticity (refer to…

Congenital heart disease & GUCH (Grown Up Congenital Heart disease)

…different approach, with more emphasis on the heart position in the thorax, the atrial situs viscerum, the vein atrial and the atrio ventricular connections, the…

Sinus arrhythmia (respiratory sinus arrhythmia)

…However, sinus arrhythmia may be a pathological finding in some cases. Sinus arrhythmia is not a normal finding among older individuals. In that scenario it…

Sinus bradycardia: definitions, ECG, causes and management

…g during intense emotional stress) During vagal maneuvers (Valsalva maneuver, carotid sinus [baroreceptor] stimulation). It is common to discover SB in healthy young individuals who…

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