…careful monitoring, and shared decision making. Definition and Pathophysiology Aging related cardiovascular vulnerability Normal aging produces structural and functional cardiovascular changes that increase susceptibility to…

…phenotypic expression complicate risk prediction. Familial clustering may also reflect shared environmental or behavioural factors rather than a single gene disorder. This distinction is important…

…coronary disorders. The investigation should be undertaken when its diagnostic or therapeutic consequences are likely to outweigh procedural risks. This balance forms part of shared…

…and routine follow up is usually sufficient. Shared decision making The calculator provides a quantitative estimate of SCD risk, which facilitates informed discussions between clinicians…

…consideration of coronary angiography and possible revascularization. Revascularization may be selected for symptom relief after shared decision making, particularly when the anginal burden is high…

…Approximately 25–30% reduction in lipoprotein(a), an effect not shared to the same extent by statins. Inclisiran Inclisiran is a liver targeted small interfering…

…comorbidities and preferences. A multidisciplinary, shared decision making process is appropriate when revascularization is being considered. The choice between PCI, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG…

…AHA) guidelines emphasize a unified, risk stratified continuum of disease, recognizing that the underlying atherothrombotic pathophysiology is shared across these presentations [6, 7] . NSTEMI vs…

…of lower alcohol intake remain controversial. Epidemiological studies have often described a J shaped association between consumption and cardiovascular outcomes, with apparently lower overall cardiovascular…

…in obtaining a certificate upon course completion. Today we are pleased to share that we have created certificates. These certificates testify that you possess the…