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Secondary Hypertension: When and How to Investigate

…and pathophysiology Secondary hypertension is elevated blood pressure attributable to a specific, identifiable underlying cause. It should be considered in every patient with newly diagnosed…

Antiplatelet Therapy in Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction

…does not specify the loading dose. Efficacy and harms In secondary prevention trials involving patients with previous vascular disease, aspirin reduced the combined incidence of…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…Secondary prophylaxis to prevent recurrence of cerebrovascular diseases, such as: Transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Stroke Contraindications Cross reactivity: Do not administer to patients with a…

Cardiac Rehabilitation After Myocardial Infarction

…and infarction Definition and Purpose Cardiac rehabilitation is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary secondary prevention intervention for patients with cardiovascular disease, including those recovering from myocardial infarction…

Aspirin in Primary Prevention: Current Recommendations

…disease, or peripheral artery disease. Secondary prevention concerns patients with established vascular disease, in whom aspirin has a substantially more favourable benefit–risk profile. Aspirin…

Left Bundle Branch Block: ECG criteria and clinical implications

…recovery patterns within the left ventricle, resulting in a widened QRS complex and secondary ST T wave abnormalities [7]. Diagnostic Criteria The diagnostic requirements for…

Lipid-Lowering Therapy: Statins as First-Line Treatment

…and pathophysiology Lipid lowering therapy is a central component of cardiovascular prevention, particularly in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), chronic coronary syndrome (CCS)…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…potassium, and resistant to suppression by sodium loading. It is the most common form of secondary hypertension. Aldosterone acts principally through the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)…

Resistant Hypertension: Evaluation and Treatment

…that increase blood pressure; or An undiagnosed secondary cause of hypertension. White coat hypertension must be excluded with out of office measurements. Objective assessment of…

Risk Factor Modification: The Evidence Base for Primary Prevention

…of cardiovascular risk factors themselves, and from secondary prevention, which addresses patients with established disease to reduce recurrent events and mortality. Risk factor modification is…

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