…In these conditions, involvement of the AVN and the conduction system occurs more often than sinus node involvement, and atrioventricular block (AVB) may indicate septal…

…All degrees of AV block. Sinus node dysfunction and tach brady syndrome. Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and torsade de pointes. Hypocalcemia Causes of hypocalcemia Acute…

…sarcoidosis, thyrotoxicosis, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, Addison's disease, renal insufficiency, therapeutic interventions with tamoxifen or lithium, thiazide administration, and over supplementation of calcium and vitamin…

…Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Myocardial infarction (MI) is a clinical diagnosis that integrates myocardial injury, evidence of acute myocardial ischaemia, electrocardiographic findings…

…sarcoidosis , Prinzmetal's angina (coronary vasospasm), electrolyte disorders , congenital heart disease and catecholamine induced ventricular tachycardia . The vast majority of patients with ventricular tachycardia either…