…extrinsic compression, myocardial bridging and radiation induced coronary disease. The distinction between UA and NSTEMI has become increasingly dependent on the use of highly sensitive…

…or cardiometabolic origin. Major clinical presentations The principal outpatient presentations include: Reproducible stress induced angina or ischaemia associated with obstructive epicardial coronary disease. Angina or…

…this demographic on a global scale. Numerous substances possess the potential to induce cardiac arrest or cause profound cardiopulmonary depression. Table 1 delineates substances for…

…toxins (alcohol, cocaine, cancer therapies), or physical reactions (radiation therapy), frequently involves the conduction system. In these conditions, involvement of the AVN and the conduction…

…high income countries, idiopathic pericarditis, radiation to the pericardium and surgical interventions are the most common causes of constrictive pericarditis. Of these three, idiopathic pericarditis…

…rapid, non contrast, low radiation CT examination that quantifies coronary calcification, whereas CCTA uses iodinated contrast to assess the coronary lumen and plaque morphology. Pathophysiological…

…used The technique is particularly useful because it is rapid, can be performed at the bedside, avoids ionizing radiation, and can be repeated. It is…

…General principles Duplex ultrasound is the preferred screening modality because it is noninvasive, avoids ionizing radiation and contrast agents, and accurately identifies abdominal aortic enlargement…

…and respiratory distress. Aortic dissection may cause sudden severe pain, often radiating to the back. Pericarditis may produce pleuritic or positional pain. Myocarditis and pericarditis…

…A single breath hold No intravenous line No premedication No special preparation Radiation exposure of approximately 1–1.5 mSv with contemporary techniques The total…

…sharp or stabbing. Its location and radiation may reflect the segment of aorta involved, although the source material does not provide a detailed symptom to…

…involves the central portion of the chest or the epigastrium and occasionally radiates to the arms. Less common sites of radiation include the abdomen, back…

…longer. The usual location is the central chest or epigastrium. Radiation may occur to one or both arms and less commonly to the abdomen, back…

…orifice. There are many causes of mitral stenosis, the most common of which are rheumatic heart disease, congenital malformations, radiation complications, metastases, myxoma, cardiac thrombi…

…Erythematosus (SLE) Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Post infarction (including Dressler syndrome) Uremia Radiation to the heart Trauma Tuberculousis Neoplasms (cancer) Post cardiac surgery (hemorrhagic pericarditis)…

…ideal tracer, with a short half life (2 minutes), causing minimal radiation exposure. It is metabolically inert and diffuses freely across cell membranes, allowing for…

…may be caused by myocardial ischemia. Other symptoms include dyspnea, pain radiating to the left arm/shoulder/throat, palpitations, back pain and selected cases of…

…may have: Chest pain, pressure, tightness, heaviness, or discomfort. Pain radiating to the neck, jaw, shoulders, back, or one or both arms. Indigestion or heartburn…

…with diaphoresis [4]. Aortic Dissection Severe, often sharp pain radiating to the back [5]. N/A N/A Acute Pericarditis Pleuritic, often retrosternal, radiating to