…treatment of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and following complex PCI. Stent thrombosis remains multifactorial, reflecting interactions between patient related, lesion related, device related…

…or device detected subclinical AF. The AF pattern, while recognising that pattern does not determine the anticoagulation indication. Previous stroke or TIA. The presence of…

…adults with elevated blood pressure (BP), in whom absolute cardiovascular risk varies considerably according to age and the presence of concomitant risk factors. In contrast…

…Criteria for ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) The diagnosis of STEMI relies on specific electrocardiographic thresholds for ST segment elevation measured at the J point…

…hypertension is genuinely present Factors that may be contributing to elevated blood pressure Other cardiovascular risk factors and relevant comorbidities Evidence of hypertension mediated organ…

…may produce cardiorenal syndrome. Worsening renal function in the presence of persistent congestion is particularly associated with elevated central venous pressure, which is transmitted to…

…and subject preparations. We will also discuss the relevance of withholding specific cardioactive medications during exercise testing (exercise ECG). Indications for exercise stress test Indications…

…referred to as high sensitive cardiac troponin, may actually detect the presence of troponins in most normal persons. In 2017 it was possible to detect…

…control in atrial fibrillation, particularly when other therapeutic options cannot be pursued. Patients receiving digoxin may present with symptoms of digitalis toxicity, which manifests across…

…provide a specific examination profile or diagnostic physical signs for LMCAD. Diagnostic Assessment Coronary angiography Invasive coronary angiography defines: The presence and severity of left…