…at least two vascular beds. Carotid disease therefore commonly coexists with coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and other manifestations of systemic atherosclerosis…

…possibility of thrombolytic treatment. Cardiac and pulmonary complications Acute hypertension may precipitate myocardial ischemia or infarction, acute heart failure, or pulmonary oedema. Patients may present…

…electrocardiographic changes, and with or without acute elevations in cardiac troponin concentrations. Based on the presenting electrocardiogram (ECG) and the presence of troponin elevation, ACS…

…the presence of abnormal clinical risk assessment. Low risk PE is characterized by clinical low risk features, negative cardiac biomarkers, and no imaging evidence of…

…are incompletely defined. Proposed contributors include hypercontractility or hypersensitivity of coronary vascular smooth muscle to vasoconstrictor stimuli, including adrenergic agonists, leukotrienes, and serotonin. In patients…

…present Factors that may be contributing to elevated blood pressure Other cardiovascular risk factors and relevant comorbidities Evidence of hypertension mediated organ damage Existing cardiac…

…is mediated by the combined effects of hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, obesity, smoking and other conventional risk factors, together with diabetes specific vascular and metabolic abnormalities…

…vascular expertise. The initial evaluation should establish: The time of symptom onset and the rate of progression The location and severity of pain The presence…

…and myocardial flow reserve with PET. Evaluate myocardial viability, particularly when combined with metabolic imaging. Contribute to assessment of cardiac inflammation, infective endocarditis, and cardiac…

…to vascular dementia, and thromboembolism may affect organs other than the brain. Patients with AF in the setting of ACS have more comorbidities and a…