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Noradrenaline, Dobutamine and Levosimendan: Practical Infusion Use

…specific context of perioperative care in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), progression of right heart failure may indicate the need for inodilator therapy. Furthermore…

Physical Activity Prescription for Cardiovascular Prevention

…Physical activity should be assessed and prescribed using the components of: Frequency Intensity Time or duration Type Progression The prescription should be individualized rather than…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

…with concurrent physical illness or after prolonged very high intake More than 90 percent of withdrawal seizures occur within 48 hours. Seizures later than this…

Pharmacologic agents in myocardial perfusion imaging

…following scenarios: Inability to exercise due to physical limitations. Contraindications to exercise, such as unstable angina, severe aortic stenosis, decompensated heart failure, or aortic aneurysm…

Physics of ultrasound

…can only propagate through a physical medium. This medium may consist of any matter, e.g air, water, metal, or tissue and fluids in the…

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…decades. Potential explanations for this trend include an ageing population, increased incidence and prevalence of cancer, heart failure, obesity, type 2 diabetes and physical inactivity…

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusions: Indications and Outcomes

…with routine CTO PCI compared with medical therapy. Clinical presentation and symptoms A CTO may be asymptomatic and identified during angiography performed for another indication…

Vasospastic (Prinzmetal) Angina: Provocation Testing and Treatment

…syndrome with migraine or Raynaud phenomenon. Associations have also been described with aspirin induced asthma, 5 fluorouracil, and cyclophosphamide. Ergot derivatives used for migraine and…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…severe hypoglycaemia No defined threshold The patient has cognitive or physical impairment and needs help from another person Level 3 can occur even when the…

Atropine: Dosing in Bradycardia and Its Limitations

…hypothermia, and hyperkalemia. For recurrent symptomatic bradycardia, temporary or permanent pacing may be required. However, transcutaneous pacing in the setting of cardiac arrest has not…

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