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Aberrant ventricular conduction (aberrancy, aberration)

…among healthy individuals and in those with heart disease. If such aberration occurs at normal heart rate (<100 beats/min) it is most likely to…

🟠 SYNTAX Score

…and potential future refinements underscore its enduring relevance in cardiology. By combining anatomical and clinical data, it continues to support heart teams in delivering persona

The chain of survival in sudden cardiac arrest

…only as strong as its weakest link, which means that all components of the chain must function and interact flawlessly to maximize survival. Figure 2…

🟠 Reference values for adult ECG

…of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with wide QRS complexes (QRS duration ≥0,12 s) : ventricular tachycardia is the most common cause and it is potentially life threatening…

How to interpret the ECG: A systematic approach

…of tachycardia (tachyarrhythmia) with wide QRS complexes (QRS duration ≥0,12 s) : ventricular tachycardia is the most common cause and it is potentially life threatening…

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment with SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP

…Population to which SCORE2 and SCORE2 OP apply SCORE2 and SCORE2 OP are intended for apparently healthy people or for individuals with elevated BP who…

Atrial flutter: classification, causes, ECG criteria and management

…healthy individuals. Atrial flutter causes characteristic ECG changes, as discussed below. Atrial flutter tends to accompany atrial fibrillation, although some individuals may only present with…

Atrial fibrillation: ECG, classification, causes, risk factors & management

…correlates strongly with age. Approximately 10% of individuals aged 80 years and above have atrial fibrillation, whereas the arrhythmia is unusual among persons younger than…

Chronotropic incompetence (inability to increase heart rate)

…inability to adequately increase heart rate Chronotropic incompetence is an independent predictor of overall and cardiovascular mortality. The condition is very common among individuals with…

Introduction to Coronary Artery Disease (Ischemic Heart Disease)

…be delivered to the heart muscle supplied by the atherosclerotic artery. Whenever oxygen demand exceeds oxygen (blood) delivery ischemia occurs and this manifests with chest…

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