…beats per minute. Note that with a paper speed of 25 mm/s, which is standard in the US and many other countries, a 2…

…be specified. Coronary arterial thrombi are predominantly platelet rich because they form under high shear conditions. Disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque or injury associated with…

…reproductive and pregnancy related history. Female specific or female predominant factors associated with later cardiovascular risk include: Premature menopause Premature ovarian insufficiency Hypertensive disorders of…

…myocardium and valves. ECG is recorded in all patients with suspected pericardial disease. In addition to echocardiography, ECG and clinical examination, blood tests and other…

…Disease specific genetic architecture HCM is predominantly associated with variants affecting sarcomeric proteins, particularly MYH7 and MYBPC3. Approximately 40–60% of tested patients have a…

…relevant in adults with elevated blood pressure (BP), in whom absolute cardiovascular risk varies considerably according to age and the presence of concomitant risk factors…

…CKD also worsens the prognosis of established CVD. Mechanisms linking CKD to cardiovascular disease The association is mediated by both traditional and kidney specific pathways…

…involvement Coexisting multivessel disease The extent of jeopardized myocardium Left ventricular systolic function Diabetes and other comorbidities Anatomical complexity and completeness of possible revascularization A…

…have specific contraindications: Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Regadenoson : Should be avoided in patients with active bronchospasm, severe hypotension, or high degree AV block. Caffeine and other methylxanthines…

…blood pressure Other cardiovascular risk factors and relevant comorbidities Evidence of hypertension mediated organ damage Existing cardiac, cerebrovascular, or renal disease The possibility of a…