Articles & courses

ArticlesShow all 223
Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…gradually from V1 to V5 and then diminishes again in V6. Refer to Figure 1 . Abnormal R wave progression implies that the gradual increase from…

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment with SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP

…Moderate or severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) Hypertension mediated organ damage (HMOD) Probable or definite familial hypercholesterolaemia Other markedly abnormal single risk factors or genetic…

Chronic Kidney Disease as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor

…m² Abnormal urinalysis or renal imaging Mild progression risk, increased by proteinuria 3a 45–60 mL/min/1.73 m² Cardiovascular disease or other organ…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…above the assay specific 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL). It is considered acute when there is a rise and/or fall in cTn values…

Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias: from automaticity to re-entry (reentry)

…the sinoatrial node) is a common finding in athletes and during sleep; in these scenarios, it should not be considered abnormal. On the other hand…

Sinoatrial arrest & sinoatrial pause (sinus pause / arrest)

…intense emotional stress, acute pain or other stimuli that increases vagal tone. In all other situations, sinus arrest/pause should be considered abnormal, and the…

ST segment depression in myocardial ischemia and differential diagnoses

…depressions. In STE ACS, on the other hand, the ST segment depressions are secondary findings and the primary findings are the ST segment elevations. As…

Anticoagulation Strategies in Atrial Fibrillation

…risk factor [2] . This change reflects robust evidence that female sex alone, in the absence of other comorbidities, does not significantly increase stroke risk. Conversely…

Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Cardiac troponins, ECG & Symptoms

…upper reference limit is considered elevated (abnormal) and thus indicates myocardial necrosis. The upper reference limit is currently the 99th percentile in a healthy population…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…however, and an abnormal result is not specific to delirium. Symptoms are often worse in the evening and at night, but diurnal variation is not…

Media

No matches.

Tests

Tools