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Bempedoic Acid: Evidence and Clinical Use

Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and pharmacological rationale Bempedoic acid is an oral, small molecule lipid lowering agent used to reduce low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL…

Antiplatelet Therapy in Secondary Prevention After Myocardial Infarction

…cardiovascular death, and progression of atherosclerotic disease in patients with established coronary or other atherosclerotic vascular disease. Antiplatelet therapy is a central component because platelet…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…acute HMOD, although other guidance emphasizes that no single BP threshold is diagnostically sufficient: the presence of ongoing acute organ injury is decisive. The pathophysiology…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…days Hospital acquired pneumonia, non severe cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV 8 days including oral step down Hospital acquired pneumonia, severe piperacillin–tazobactam 4…

Hypertensive crisis: drugs and doses

…organ damage. Isolated malignant retinopathy without other acute organ damage can often be treated more cautiously with oral drugs under careful observation [3,4]. A…

🟠 HAS-BLED Score Calculator

…patients, regardless of the type of oral anticoagulant used. Studies have shown that it performs similarly or superiorly to other bleeding risk assessment tools, such…

De-escalation and Shortened Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients at High Bleeding Risk

…syndrome (ACS), DAPT is used to reduce recurrent myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and other ischemic events after coronary angiography, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or medical…

Endocarditis: definitions, causes, diagnosis, echocardiography & treatment

…most common agent. These streptococci most often originate from the oral cavity and affect heart valves that have some kind of damage, change or degeneration…

Hypertensive crisis: quick reference for acute blood pressure lowering

…should as a rule not be lowered rapidly with intravenous drugs. Restart or optimise oral treatment and ensure follow up. Rapid lowering can worsen cerebral…

Atrial fibrillation: ECG, classification, causes, risk factors & management

…scarce). Indeed, the strongest risk factor for developing atrial fibrillation is age. Other significant risk factors are as follows: male sex, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy…

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