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Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…attacks without a clear trigger: consider vestibular migraine, Ménière's disease, TIA and arrhythmia, among others. Acute severe balance disturbance without nystagmus: HINTS does not…

Vasospastic (Prinzmetal) Angina: Provocation Testing and Treatment

…is usually normal when the patient is not experiencing ischaemia. A minority of patients have clinical evidence of systemic vasospasm, particularly migraine or Raynaud phenomenon…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…then 100 mg × 1 5–7 days Epiglottitis and other severe upper airway infection cefotaxime 1–2 g × 3 IV Depends on the diagnosis Always…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI): Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

…complex fibroatheroma. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) migrate from the tunica media into the intima, driven by platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and other cytokines. Within…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…for pathological R wave progression is considerably lower than pathological Q waves and guidelines do not state any ECG criteria specific to R wave progression…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…other cardinal symptoms and the severity of the illness. 7. Start NIV without undue delay in persistent hypercapnic respiratory acidosis, if invasive ventilation is not…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…administration, warnings, precautions, and other relevant information for the drug Ticagrelor . Table 1 Summary Indications Ticagrelor, in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…in addition to LDL and other apoB containing particles. Cardiovascular risk categories Primary prevention For adults aged 40–75 years without diabetes and with LDL…

Myocardial Ischemia & infarction: Cellular changes, ECG and symptoms

…and infarction Myocardial ischemia: cellular changes, ECG signs and development of infarction Like all other cells in the human body, cardiac myocytes use ATP (adenosine…

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