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Adenosine for tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT, AVRT, NCT)

…Hypersensitivity to adenosine. Administration Normal route : Peripheral intravenous (IV). Alternative route : Central venous administration of adenosine is suitable in the intensive care unit or coronary…

Adenosine: Administration Technique, Dose Escalation and Precautions

…kg. Central venous access: When injected into a central vein, the initial dose should be reduced to 3 mg. Heart transplant patients: Due to denervation…

Short and long-term prognostication in cardiac arrest

…are mostly due to acute myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction, and in these cases, the likelihood of ROSC is higher as compared to other etiologies…

Interpretation of neonatal and pediatric electrocardiograms (ECG)

…These age variations in heart rate are due to variations in the activity of the autonomic nervous system and changes in the automaticity of the…

Sinus tachycardia & Inappropriate sinus tachycardia

…This is due to altered tone in the autonomic nervous system, with increased sympathetic input (leading to stimulation of beta adrenergic receptors) and parasympathetic withdrawal…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…tamponade. The classical signs of cardiac tamponade are hypotension, muffled heart sounds and jugular venous distention. Other frequent symptoms are pulsus paradoxus, pericardial friction sounds…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…of the R waves. This is believed to be due to delayed (and thus electrically unopposed) depolarization in the ischemic area. Fragmented QRS complex The…

Clinical application of ECG in chest pain & acute myocardial infarction

…and infarction Use of ECG in acute coronary syndromes & chest pain patients An ECG must be performed on all patients seeking medical attention due to…

Introduction to cardiac arrest

…Furthermore, sudden cardiac arrests account for 50% of all years of life lost due to cardiovascular disease ( Myerburg et al ). Sudden unexpected cardiac arrest is…

ECG signs of myocardial infarction: pathological Q-waves & pathological R-waves

…may also arise due to extensive subendocardial infarction (NSTEMI). If pathological Q waves occur as a result of myocardial infarction, the infarction may be classified…

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