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Complete Versus Culprit-Only Revascularization in Acute Coronary Syndrome

…total occlusion is an important predictor of incomplete anatomical revascularization with PCI. PCI of chronic total occlusion lesions may improve angina and quality of life…

Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Causes, Work-up and Management

…despite the absence of an angiographically obstructive lesion Coronary embolism or thrombus Epicardial coronary vasospasm Coronary microvascular dysfunction Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Standard angiography…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…aspirin or clopidogrel Anatomic Long lesions, small vessels, multivessel disease, bifurcation lesions, treatment of acute myocardial infarction Procedural and mechanical Stent underexpansion, incomplete wall apposition…

In-Stent Restenosis: Mechanisms and Treatment

…collapse Residual edge dissection Incomplete lesion preparation Persistent stenosis within the treated segment Mechanical factors are particularly important because correction of the underlying problem is…

Vasospastic (Prinzmetal) Angina: Provocation Testing and Treatment

…with intermediate lesions that do not produce physiologically significant flow limitation. The mechanisms are incompletely defined. Proposed contributors include hypercontractility or hypersensitivity of coronary vascular…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…complete/incomplete bundle branch block or pacemaker rhythm, 2 notches are required in the S wave or R wave. Fragmented QRS complexes are indications of…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…from: Incomplete penetrance of a variant inherited from a parent. A de novo variant. Less commonly, autosomal recessive inheritance. X linked or other non autosomal…

Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…blood tests and other radiological examinations are most often required, in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium…

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

…LDL C is very low, or cardiometabolic abnormalities make LDL C an incomplete representation of atherogenic burden. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms ApoB elevation and increased…

Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices

…other electronic equipment may also interfere with device function. The clinical consequences depend on the device, the patient's dependence on pacing, the presence of…

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