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🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…first sign of skin rash, mucosal lesions, or hypersensitivity. Interactions Pharmacodynamic interactions Anticoagulants, thrombolytics, or other platelet aggregation inhibitors: Salicylates inhibit platelet function and enhance…

Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…fracture of the leads. External causes are less common and include electrolyte disorders, metabolic disorders, hypoxemia, antiarrhythmic drugs, or electromagnetic disturbance caused by other machines…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…cTn alone does not establish MI, because myocardial injury may occur without myocardial ischaemia. Non ischaemic myocardial injury may accompany numerous cardiac and systemic disorders…

Blood gas interpretation: quick reference for acid-base disorders

…Abnormal A compensated simple disorder, or two opposing primary disorders It is therefore not enough to ask which of the pCO₂ and the HCO₃ deviates…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…hypertension and thromboembolic disorders. Most recognised heritable cardiovascular conditions demonstrate autosomal dominant transmission, in which an affected heterozygous individual has a 50% risk of transmitting…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…and the condition is classified as cardiac tamponade. The classical signs of cardiac tamponade are hypotension, muffled heart sounds and jugular venous distention. Other frequent…

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment with SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP

…adults with elevated blood pressure (BP), in whom absolute cardiovascular risk varies considerably according to age and the presence of concomitant risk factors. In contrast…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…1, formerly termed glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism, and other familial forms associated with adrenal adenoma or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A family history is therefore important, particularly…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…reproductive and pregnancy related history. Female specific or female predominant factors associated with later cardiovascular risk include: Premature menopause Premature ovarian insufficiency Hypertensive disorders of…

Secondary Hypertension: When and How to Investigate

…Cure is not universal, however. Delayed recognition may permit vascular remodelling and renal impairment to develop, leaving persistent hypertension despite correction of the initiating disorder…

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