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Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…over extensor tendons, are characteristic clinical manifestations of untreated FH and may develop when the disorder is not recognized early in life. Corneal arcus and…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…hyperaldosteronism or Conn syndrome, comprises disorders in which aldosterone secretion is inappropriately increased, relatively autonomous from angiotensin II and plasma potassium, and resistant to suppression…

🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…not administer to patients with a history of asthma, rhinitis, or urticaria triggered by: Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Other non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Other…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…low plasma glucose during the symptoms. 3. Resolution of the symptoms when the glucose is normalised [3]. A healthy person without diabetes therefore does not…

Hyponatraemia: quick reference for work-up and correction

…Hyponatraemia is primarily a disorder of water balance. The plasma sodium reflects the ratio between the body's exchangeable sodium and potassium and the total…

ECG changes due to electrolyte imbalance (disorder)

…the severity of electrolyte imbalance and the visible ECG changes. Specific electrolyte disorders 1. Sodium Increased (hypernatremia) and decreased (hyponatremia) sodium levels do not have…

Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…include electrolyte disorders, metabolic disorders, hypoxemia, antiarrhythmic drugs, or electromagnetic disturbance caused by other machines/devices. Below follows ECG tracings demonstrating each type of failure…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…cTn alone does not establish MI, because myocardial injury may occur without myocardial ischaemia. Non ischaemic myocardial injury may accompany numerous cardiac and systemic disorders…

Blood gas interpretation: quick reference for acid-base disorders

…can often be used for an initial assessment of pH and the metabolic component, but it should not be regarded as fully interchangeable with an…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease…

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