…local and systemic disorders. Accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space may lead to increased intrapericardial pressure, which in turn affects ventricular relaxation (and thus…

…are associated with the electronics in the pulse generator or dislodgement or fracture of the leads. External causes are less common and include electrolyte disorders…

…4c MI caused by restenosis Type 5 MI associated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) Types 4b and 4c fulfil the criteria for type 1…

…ask which of the pCO₂ and the HCO₃ deviates most. What matters is which change can explain the pH, and whether the other variable lies…

…of an X linked condition may develop a phenotype later and require delayed or individualized assessment. Disease specific genetic architecture HCM is predominantly associated with…

…and other NSAIDs: Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when combined with acetylsalicylic acid. Uric acid excretion agents (e.g., probenecid): Salicylates counteract the effect of…

…cardiovascular risk varies considerably according to age and the presence of concomitant risk factors. In contrast, patients with confirmed hypertension generally require BP lowering treatment…

…and other familial forms associated with adrenal adenoma or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A family history is therefore important, particularly in patients with early onset hypertension…

…reproductive and pregnancy related history. Female specific or female predominant factors associated with later cardiovascular risk include: Premature menopause Premature ovarian insufficiency Hypertensive disorders of…

…remodelling and renal impairment to develop, leaving persistent hypertension despite correction of the initiating disorder. Earlier diagnosis is associated with a greater likelihood of cure…