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Blood gas interpretation: quick reference for acid-base disorders

…Skipping a step is a common reason why mixed acid base disorders are missed. The blood gas describes the physiology at the moment of sampling…

Ventricular fibrillation, pulseless electrical activity and sudden cardiac arrest

…artery disease) as the underlying cause. Other common causes are cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic or dilated), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, Brugada syndrome, early repolarization. Electrolyte disorders, acidosis…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…often indicative of a noncardiac source [4]. 3. Pneumonia with Pleurisy Pain Characteristics: Pleuritic pain is a common presentation [2]. 4. Other Systemic/Local Causes…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…a manifestation of systemic arterial disease rather than an isolated disorder of the lower limbs. Patients frequently have concomitant coronary, cerebrovascular or other peripheral arterial…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…scope Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…Use of cannabis, electronic cigarettes or other inhaled products. Readiness to attempt cessation. Depression, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, HIV infection or other circumstances that may affect…

Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis from Fatty Streak to Plaque Rupture

…focal arterial lesions. Although epicardial coronary arteries are a major site of disease, atherosclerosis is systemic and may affect multiple arterial territories. The arterial wall…

No-Reflow Phenomenon During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Prevention and Treatment

…association with other procedural complications, including distal embolization, coronary dissection, perforation, and abrupt closure. The clinical consequences depend heavily on the amount of viable myocardium…

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…an inherited disorder characterized by persistently elevated plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) from early life and a consequent excess risk of premature atherosclerotic…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

…4. Monitoring at the appropriate level of care , with readiness for respiratory support. 5. Treatment of the alcohol use disorder and planned follow up , not…

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