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Diagnosis and management of supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias: Narrow complex tachycardia & wide complex tachycardia

…other words: tachycardias with narrow QRS complexes originate in the atria. the term supraventricular tachycardia is often used to refer to tachycardias originating in the…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Definition and scope Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may…

Coronary Anomalies and Myocardial Bridging

…should be considered and treated in the same broad category as a patient with coronary artery disease when clinically appropriate. Other coronary anomalies Anomalous coronary…

Pericarditis, myocarditis & perimyocarditis: ECG, criteria & treatment

…tend to accompany each other. Therefore, the term perimyocarditis is often used in clinical practice (this article will use all three terms interchangeably). The etiology…

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…over extensor tendons, are characteristic clinical manifestations of untreated FH and may develop when the disorder is not recognized early in life. Corneal arcus and…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…and the condition is classified as cardiac tamponade. The classical signs of cardiac tamponade are hypotension, muffled heart sounds and jugular venous distention. Other frequent…

Brugada syndrome: ECG, clinical features and management

…conditions Brugada syndrome: A life threatening arrhythmia with unknown prevalence Pedro Brugada and his two brothers, Josep and Ramon, described this syndrome in 1992. The…

Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…In case of suspicion of pericardial disease, it is important to conduct a careful investigation as several conditions may affect hemodynamics and the underlying cause…

Atrial flutter: classification, causes, ECG criteria and management

…standard in the US and many other countries, a 2:1 block will be difficult to discern because the flutter wave may fuse with the…

Myocardial Ischemia & infarction: Cellular changes, ECG and symptoms

…ECG signs and development of infarction Like all other cells in the human body, cardiac myocytes use ATP (adenosine triphosphate) as the primary energy source…

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