…magnitude of untreated LDL C elevation. The presence and age of onset of premature CAD or other vascular disease. A history of myocardial infarction or…

…lifetime burden of hypertension. Hypertension becomes more prevalent in women than men after approximately 65 years of age. Hypertension related left ventricular hypertrophy, concentric remodelling…

…clinical context. Several patient related factors influence interpretation. Natriuretic peptide concentrations generally increase with age and are higher in patients with impaired renal function, reflecting…

…ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is an acute coronary syndrome characterized clinically by acute myocardial ischaemic symptoms or equivalent presentations together with persistent ST…

…In cardiogenic shock, the principal precipitating mechanisms include ischaemia related heart failure, acute severe mitral regurgitation, and other mechanical complications. Shock occurs more often when…

…obesity, smoking and increasing age are common risk factors for CKD and CVD. Hypertension and renal disease are bidirectionally related: hypertension accelerates CKD progression, while…

…with homozygous FH typically die from acute myocardial infarction at 20 to 30 years of age. People with familial hypercholesterolemia have no other metabolic aberration…

…and who therefore require assessment for pseudo resistance, secondary hypertension, treatment related contributors, and excess cardiovascular risk. The European definition requires failure to reduce office…

…symptoms in the emergency department, as well as in primary health care. The cause (etiology) of chest pain varies according to age, sex, risk factors…

…Drug induced liver injury is the commonest cause Isolated bilirubin Unconjugated, the others normal Gilbert's syndrome, haemolysis The R value = (ALT / upper limit…