…care and the decision on intubation early. Initial assessment Confirm that the presentation fits an exacerbation A COPD exacerbation is an acute or subacute worsening…

…course and triggers Syndrome Typical course Common or important causes Targeted examination : : : : Acute vestibular syndrome Acute or subacute onset, continuous dizziness lasting hours to days…

…to anatomy correlation. Pain may be absent, particularly in iatrogenic aortic injury. Iatrogenic lesions commonly follow cardiac surgery, coronary angiography or other invasive procedures, and…

…and procedural factors. Temporal classification Category Timing after stent implantation Acute 0–24 hours Subacute More than 24 hours to 30 days Late More than…

…associations include: Idiopathic or viral pericarditis Malignant pericardial disease Tuberculosis Purulent or bacterial pericarditis Trauma Cardiac surgery and other iatrogenic cardiovascular procedures Acute aortic disease…

…the other causes are either subacute or non acute. The history taking must be systematic and accurate because the history itself is often sufficient to…

…or other cardiac devices (pacemaker, CRT, ICD). In addition to staphylococcus aureus , hemolytic streptococci and pneumococci cause acute endocarditis. Other microorganisms, generally, cause subacute endocarditis…

…wave amplitude Acute transmural ischemia may transiently increase the amplitude of the R waves. This is believed to be due to delayed (and thus electrically…

…intracerebral haemorrhage and assess early ischaemic changes CT angiography The standard investigation in acute stroke to identify large vessel occlusion, dissection or other vascular pathology…

…represents acute tubular necrosis arising from the combined effects of contrast exposure and other ischaemic or nephrotoxic stresses. The kidney is particularly vulnerable to toxic…